This small, sub-saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings with cotton being the most important cash crop. togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate. the government's decade-long effort, supported by the world bank and the imf, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. progress depends on follow through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors. togo is working with donors to write a poverty reduction and growth facility (prgf) that could eventually lead to a debt reduction plan. economic growth remains marginal due to declining cotton production, underinvestment in phosphate mining, and strained relations with donors.
Deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas
Republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule
5,858,673 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to aids; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (july 2008 est.)
Western africa, bordering the bight of benin, between benin and ghana
Total: 56,785 sq km land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km
Slightly smaller than west virginia
Conventional long form: togolese republic conventional short form: togo local long form: republique togolaise local short form: none former: french togoland
Name: lome geographic coordinates: 6 08 n, 1 13 e time difference: utc 0 (5 hours ahead of washington, dc during standard time)
18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)
In 2001, benin claimed togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary; in 2006 14,000 togolese refugees remain in benin and ghana out of the 40,000 who fled there in 2005